List of Building Materials in Nigeria and the Price Qoutes [Read This]

List of Building Materials in Nigeria and the Price Qoutes [Read This]

hello guys please can any tell me how much is a trip of sand, filling sand and building sand, how much for a bag of cement, how much is for a bricklayer and service a day job.. all in EDO STATE .. please guys help ..thanks for the help in advance

Tesco

Tesco is a private sector because is an organisation that is managed and controlled by individuals or groups for the purpose of making profit. Tesco is an International organisation with 6,351 stores across the world including: Asia, Europe and North America, Malaysia, the Republic of Ireland, Thailand and is the grocery market leader in the UK

Tesco is one of the world’s largest retailers with over 530,000 employees working for the company in 12 countries.

 

Sales customer assistant: role includes talking about food or fashion, luggage, shoes, boots etc. In some roles, you'll specialise fine-tuning your knowledge and expertise in a particular area. Tesco’s most important skill required is helping customers find and fall in love with their products. You need to have a good communication skills can be able to speak effectively and listen attentively.

 

Bakery customer assistant’s role would include Preparing and presenting bakery product like cakes, bread etc. the role also involve Interacting with customers and providing a service that makes customers want to come back to Tesco. You need to have a good communication skill, know how to bake etc. 

 

Cleaner’s role: this is the role that includes cleaning the floor, chefs and also in charge of the hygiene of the store. This also involves mopping, polishing, cleaning mirrors and glasses etc.

To be a cleaner, you will need to have:

·         reading skills for following job and safety instructions

·         maths skills for measuring out cleaning fluids

·         physical fitness

·         trustworthy and reliable etc.

Recruitment process:

Establish a vacancy – create a job description and person specification  - advertisements are placed for vacant posts – application forms are received and interview shortlisting take place – interview take place – successful candidate chosen and offer made.

Job description:

A job description sets out the purpose of a job, where the job fits into the organisation structure, the main responsibilities of the job and the key tasks to be performed, hours to be done, salary and the location of the place . It's commonly used by employers when advertising for posts as it assists a potential job applicant to decide on whether or not to apply.

 

 

 

Key contents of a Job Description

The main or key contents of a job description are:

Ø  Job Title: this indicates the role/function that the job plays within an organization, and the level of job within that

Ø  Reporting responsibilities: the person or manager you can report to

Ø  Subordinates; who reports directly to the job holder

Ø  Main purpose - who is involved in the job overall

Ø  Main tasks and accountabilities: description of the main activities to be undertaken and what the job holder is expected to achieve (e.g. in the case of the sales customer assistant, this might include, help increase the product sale by 4% in 4 months")

Ø  Employment conditions

Application Form

Application forms are used by companies to help them in the recruitment and selection process in order to get the right person for the job. An application form is a good opportunity to expand on the information you may have enclosed within a cover letter or CV. By using an application form as part of the recruitment process the employer can control the information they receive. An application is good because it enforces everyone to provide the same information

 

Contents of an Application Form

The main or key contents of an application form are:

Ø  Your employment history: this enables them to know what happened in your previous employment and why you left them and also how much experience you’ve gained whilst working

Ø  Your educational history: this indicates what qualification you have achieved, what school and the grade of the result and how it will help in the job role. This help the company know if you have the qualification the vacant job

Ø  Reasons why you’re a suitable candidate for the role : this is where you have to tell them the reason why you think you are better than the other applicant, what you intent to bring to the company and how would you help improve the company

Ø  References: they want to know what you like from your previous employee such as dependence, punctuality, easy to work

 

 

 

 

A contract of employment

A contract of employment is an agreement between an employer and employee and is the basis of the employment relationship. In other words, a contract is an agreement that sets out an employee’s: employment conditions, rights, responsibilities, duties etc.

The main or key contents of a contract of employment are:

Ø  Name and signature of the company and the employee: this stand as a form or evidence or agreement between the two parties

Ø  Payment and the method of payment (i.e. weekly or monthly) : this help the employees understand how the company will pay for his labour and how they intend to pay for it

Ø  hours of work (including any terms and conditions relating to normal working hours)

Ø  any terms relating to entitlement to holidays, including public holidays and holiday pay

Employability skills

Employability skills are the necessary skills needed for getting, keeping and doing well on a job.  These are the skills, behaviour and action that enable employees to work well with others and their managers and also to make correct, important decision. E (essential) , D (desirable)

Skills required	What is the skill? And why do they require it? (P2)	Analyse the importance of this skill to the business i.e. why is it key to the operation of the business? (M2)
Sales customer assistant	The skills of a sales customer assistant includes: having a good communication skills (E) in order to support the sales department in terms of providing useful and accurate information to customers based on Tesco’s product such as food, electronics and clothes etc. this skill is very important to the job role of a Sales customer assistant as they are needed in order for you to be able the job description. Tesco need this skill so that their product will be sold to customers in order for the company to increase their profit . however, I do have a good communication skills as am currently working in a pub every weekends as a security guard and the job involves interacting with customers and co-workers. In addition, I am a captain of a football club called Diverse Culture FC and my role requires me to give the players team talk before and after every game.	Knowledge on how to convince customer to buy a particular product like a TV set is very vital to Tesco if they want to increase their sales margin. With a good customer service (E) skill and a good communication skill (E), customers would love to buy a product instead of going to a separate company to buy the same product. so this is a very important part of Tesco as it will help increase their sales number at the end of the business year.
Bakery customer assistant	Knowledge of bakery customer assistant include: Preparing and presenting bakery product like cakes, bread etc. the role also involve Interacting with customers and providing a service that makes customers want to come back to Tesco. This skill is required as you must know how to bake cakes (E) and also be able to serve customers (E) which help the company sell more cakes to customers. This is a job I couldn’t apply for as I do not have a bakery skills	These skills are very important in the sense that it help Tesco to provide cakes to more customers which will in turns generate more cash for the company. Making attractive cakes with different flavour will certainly make customers to buy it
Cleaner	Knowledge of a cleaning role includes: knowing how to use the machine to clean the floor (E), knowing the right chemical to use (E) for floor, glass, toilet and shelves and also when to put a sign on the floor when it’s wet. All these skills are required and important to the job role of cleaning in order to avoid accident and getting being sued by customers whenever there is an accident in the store. I do have a good skills on a cleaning job and know what chemicals and things to use for cleaning. I work in BHS as a cleaner and I did do some training during that process.	A clean environment is important to both the company workers and customers because people who work in a clean and orderly environment are less likely to have accident or be exposed to hazards. The cleaning skills is also important as a clean store or shop gives Tesco a professional image because customers would not visit a shop that is not clean or tidy

 

Personal Skills: A personal skill means the ability to manage your personal reactions to responsibilities and challenges in work and life. This involves managing your time and adapting to changing situations, ability to work. E (essential) , D (desirable)

Skills required	What is the skill? And why do they require it? (P2)	Analyse the importance of this skill to the business i.e. why is it key to the operation of the business? (M2)
Computer and technical literacy	This has to do with knowing the basic things about computing such as writing a letter using Microsoft word document or sending an email to the manager or to customers (D). Almost all jobs now require an understanding, ranging from basic to advanced, of computer software, word processing, e-mail, spreadsheets, and Internet navigation. This helps make things to be done easier and faster. I do possess this skills as I have been studying and still studying ICT which covers all the field of computer technology. I can use almost any application needed (i.e. Microsoft Office, Abode etc.) for processing documents, creating flyers, composing letters, storing information etc.	The skill is very important especially when dealing with figures. Microsoft Excel help to calculate your figure accurately and very quickly instead of doing it by hand which is rather too long and the end result could be wrong.
Problem-solving/Creativity	Employers always want people who can help solve or deal with problems (D) this is a desirable skills (D) however, problem-solving ability can help you with making transactions, processing data, and making a correct decision. I do have these skills as I do have to represent my football team whenever there is outbursts during the football game .Although I haven’t demonstrate this skills in college or my place of work.	This is important as employers need the assurance that you can be able to solve or cope with job challenges by thinking critically and creatively.
Teamwork skills	This skills involve working in group that is being part of a group to achieve a common goal (E) for example, working in the sales department as a sales customer assistant require you to work as a group in that department in order to help the company increase their sales number by providing good customers service. I have this skills and I have demonstrated it in college and work place.	The ability to work well with others while pursuing a common goal will benefit Tesco in a way that things will get done on time, faster and easily.
Diversity	In today’s world, cultural sensitivity and ability to build a relationship with others in a multicultural environment is highly valued by employers (D). This include working with people from different background, ethnic, belief, gender etc. I have this skills and I can work in any company that has different peo	Diversity in workplace benefits employees just as much as it helps the company to grow stronger. Diversity also presents the opportunity to unite specific strengths to the advantage of the organisation. As every person has different skills and possesses varying strengths, these can be combined for greater performance and productivity.

 

 

 

 

Communication Skills: Communication is simply the act of transferring or passing information from one place to another or from one person to another either in written, verbally etc. E (essential) , D (desirable)

Skills required	What is the skill? And why do they require it? (P2)	Analyse the importance of this skill to the business i.e. why is it key to the operation of the business? (M2)
Face to face meeting	This is about interacting with one or two people and this include: speaking clearly so they can understand you, listening attentively when they are speaking and asking question if appropriate (E). All these are required in order for the message to be passed accurately	This is important because wrong message could lead to disaster. For example, if you’ve been asked to clean up a wet floor by the manager and you do not understand what he said, then the floor we remain wet until a customer tripped over it and sue the company for insubordination.
Letters	This is about knowing how to compose and structure a good letter with good vocabulary and accurate information. This is required so that the reader will be able to read the letter and understand it too. (D)	This is very important as it will help know what you are supposed to do and how to do it plus it will be kept as an evidence in the future

 

 

 

 

 

 

UNIT 31.6 : P5, M3 AND D1

P5

Rollovers

Rollover is a creative technique done by using Javascript or Adobe that lets you change a page element (usually a graphic image) when the user rolls the mouse over something on the page (like a line of text or a graphic image). It is used to make your website more interactive and may be used to display different views of a same image, or alternative products, etc.  Reference: http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/rollover. It makes it more fun and attractive for any users who visit the website in terms of attracting them by the rollover image or button is.

Advantages of rollover

1.   Its attractive to viewers it terms of how the button or image changes its appearance with the move of your mouse.

2.   It gives more fun to the website

3.   It makes the website more professional

4.   Unlike static web buttons, rollover buttons are dynamic in nature, allowing you to change the color or style of the button or image with the move of your mouse

5.  When used in drop-down or pop-up menus, rollover buttons help save navigational space.

Disadvantages of rollover

1.  Since rollover buttons are images, they can quickly take up extra space on the web severe and increase loading time

2.   It can be reasonably hard to create when you don’t know how to do it proper or it could not load up on the web properly if not done well

3.   Using this method will cause an error message in older browsers, such as Netscape 2.0 or earlier, Internet Explorer 3.0 or earlier, etc.

4.   Because the second image is downloaded from the server at the time the user rolls over the first image, there can be a perceptible delay before the second image replaces the first one.

Code for example rollover:

Link: http://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-JavaScript-Image-Rollover

 

E-cards / Email attachments

An electronic card (e-card) is a special occasion, greeting or post card created and customized within a website and sent through the Internet to the recipient. Customizations may include a wide variety of backgrounds and text fonts including some as cursive writing, graphic images, cartoon-style animations (proprietary to Adobe), video and sometimes even music.

 

Nowadays animation can be fun, inspirational and entertaining which is why people tend to attach animation to emails. Emails can generally be passed on to others or even around the world once they have been sent to one group of people. People can send animations to others to show what they are thinking if they cannot write a full email message. Smiley faces can be sent as an animation to show that they are happy. Viral advertisers have taken advantage of this new phenomenon and use it as another way of spreading news of their product, using digital word-of-mouth.

 

E-cards are a new form of sending paper-based cards via email. These E-cards are generally animation and often have sound as well. There are some sites that charge E-cards at a high price if the quality of the animation is high or if it is with a message, but there are some E-cards that are free. You can usually customize the E-card such as changing the greeting and message. For example, changing ‘Happy Christmas’ to ‘Happy Xmas’.

 

What are the advantages of E-cards

1.   Almost all e-cards are free or cost only a fraction of a standard paper card.

2.   You can send e-cards from the convenience of your own home or office, saving you the time that it takes to physically go out and purchase a card.

3.   In addition, you can send multiple cards at once. This can be a huge time saver, particularly if you are sending out a large batch of thank-you cards.

4.   It also considered more environmental friendly compared to traditional paper cards

 

What are the disadvantages of an E-card

1.   It could be impersonal because the person sent it did not get to write it and sign it personally

2.   The receiver might not check the message or get to receive the message

3.   It could take long time to load or show up if the receiver has a poor internet connection

4.   Nobody knows if these e-card sites are really trustworthy and responsible for handling clients’ e-mail addresses

 

Email Attachments: When a user tries to send an email with a file attachment to another user, the file size builds up and may take longer to send. This is because most files sent over the web could be documents, images, links to pages etc..These files could be between 1MB to 100MB. Most email sites have a limit of around 10 Gigabytes.

 

Sending animation formats such as gif and flash, may need to be compressed or reduce the file size within the programme because of the amount of space it requires for it to be sent.

Viral marketing

On the Internet, viral marketing is any marketing technique that induces Web sites or users to pass on a marketing message to other sites or users, creating a potentially exponential growth in the message's visibility and effect. One example of successful viral marketing is Hotmail, a company, now owned by Microsoft that promotes its service and its own advertisers' messages in every user's e-mail notes.

Viral marketing techniques can include e-card plugin services, free software with embedded banners, surveys,tell a friend forms (word of mouth) with incentives and some referral programs. It makes it more fun

By implementing viral marketing strategies, you provide an incentive for web site visitors to carry a sales message. This incentive is usually a free "carrier" tool for that marketing message or a means by which it is easier for people to spread the word about your products and services. The main idea is to make your visitors into delivering your sales message to others.

Output Device Issues

 

Output devices: An output device such as a printer will print out animations onto paper from office applications or straight from the web. When printing out paper that displays a fair amount of colour, it will take longer due to the amount of colour and text that is produced for using on paper.

Also a monitor is classed as an output device where it will display the actual animations. For your computer to display animations and media content on the internet, it needs to have flash installed to display various features on websites and Java needs to be installed to play video games that contains graphic animations.

 

Mobile Devices:

Some animations are designed for portable devices such as mobile phones and PDAs.  Mobile devices don't have the same compatibility form as computers do. All websites created for computers and mobile devices have two separate formats for each one. When websites are created, they develop the website in a different format so mobiles can have the benefit to navigate to these pages.

Although a very large percentage now have full colored screens. If any animation is to be projected on to a larger screen, some of the quality that you will have on the smaller screen will not be there on the larger screen because it has been enlarged and the animator must take this into account before producing a small animation

When a mobile device navigates to a website that only has computer compatibility, everything within that site will be small for the user to see and will have to enlarge the screen size. Mobile sites will automatically be fitted to the right screen mode for mobile users to interact on the site.

Processor speed and memory:

Both the processor speed and memory affect animation playback, especially if the animation is very long or includes multimedia, such as bitmaps, sound or a video clip. In other words, you have no control over this factor unless you are developing an animation for playback on a specific set machine

Internet connection

When an animation is added to a web page, the speed of the user’s internet connection will certainly affects how quickly the animation downloads and plays on their computer. Therefore, you have little or no control over this factor because, even though you are targeting your animation for a specific machine with slower internet connections, internet congestion may force download speeds of much less than that.

Animation Size:

A large animation files, containing complex animated effects, lots of gradients and transparent images, video clips etc. – take longer than small files to download or stream over the internet. They can also take longer to play as large files tend to suck up all the memory on a computer. However, you can control this factor by optimizing your animation to keep the size as small as possible.

Factors which need to be taken into account when creating animations for the web. These could include factors such as:

- file size

- file type

- Image dimensions

- Frame rate

- Web interactivity

- Sending the file

File Size

The larger the file size means the longer it will take for the animation to load for the end user. If it is too large and takes too long to load some people won’t be patient enough and will leave it and not see the animation as they are getting annoyed at it. This means that you should aim to get the size to not be that large so people can access the animation quickly.

There can be various ways for minimizing file sizes. One of them would be to crop parts of images that aren't necessary, this way it will reduce the size so they can be sent quicker over the internet through emails. There are other methods as well such as sizing down the pixel dimensions, although it reduces the quality of the image and may not be as clear.

Software:
Another method that can be done within graphic software's where you can change the aspect ratio of the image you are creating. This reduces the file size and prevents the image from being stretched or distorted when it is finally produced.

Sending the file
The most common way for sending files to someone over the web is to compress the files, where it's turn into a .zip file where it's the smallest type of file format. This is an easy and quick method you can do in your desktop library, compressing files reduces the file size so it is quicker to load these files up somewhere. When a user receives the files, they will still be compressed so they would have to extract them where they will turn back to the original size.

File Type

The file type can determine the quality, the amount of people that can view it and other points. The SWF file is normally better quality however people need a specialist copy of some software so not everyone will be able to view the animation so you are limiting the audience of your animation. Another file type is GIF, this isn’t that good quality however you don’t need special software to view it so anyone can view the animation but it will have limited quality so the experience won’t be as good as a SWF but will be accessible by more people.

Image Dimensions

Image dimensions are about the size and the quality of the image. For web you may want to reduce the image dimension for it to be compatible and quick to load. The dimensions shouldn’t be bigger than what you want the animation height and length to cover as you will be having part of the animation out of the border that is being useless.

 

Frame Rate

The frame rate can be higher and it will be a smoother animation as more frames will be showing per second so it will have an easier blend for the ‘Persistence of vision’ theory. This will make the animation easier to watch however you will pay for the smoothness with the size of the file; it will be increased dramatically so it will take longer to load. If you have a low frame rate it will be the opposite so you will have an animation that is unpleasant to view however it will have a small file size and be quicker to load.

Web Interactivity

A web designer or animation creator can add a rollover buttons and buttons that change image once clicked to your website so when you click the button it changes to another frame to give you a response so you know your request has worked and it is loading the next page, this is very useful in a website as the user won’t be clicking again and again not knowing if it is processing their request.

You can also put a flash game in the website that is an SWF file format that can give you a better experience with the website as you are having fun and it gives you another reason to go back to the website. The only problem with this is that you need some software that is free but you need to install it and a few people might not have or want that so cannot access some of your content on your website.

 

Frame Disposal

Disposal of frames is simply removing some frames to reduce the amount of frames and the length of the animation, as an effect of reducing the frames you will reduce the file size. To do this you simply need to select the frame you wish to get rid of in animation creation software and click the delete button.

Disposal of frames is simply removing some frames to reduce the amount of frames and the length of the animation, as an effect of reducing the frames you will reduce the file size. To do this you simply need to select the frame you wish to get rid of in animation creation software and click the delete button.

In addtion, with there is a frame disposal, you need background in every frame therefore, each frame is larger ( space) on the other hand, if there is not disposal on the first frame, theres is background in the first frame only therefore, all other frames need less memory . Howver, you would select a disposal method when working with animations that include background transparency in order to specify whether the current frame will be visible through the transparent areas of the next frame.

Auto Crop

Auto crop once clicked can get rid of part of an image that is outside of the view so that it isn’t taking file size up by being there but not needing to be there. It makes it so the animation doesn’t need to add more data (file size) about an image that isn’t even viewable so it ‘won’t be missed’.

Libraries

All your pictures are in one place so it’s not wasting time and file size by having to search all over the place for each frame or picture. You do this by at the beginning of creation of the animation you import all of the images you will be using into the library and into one folder with the animation.

File Format

You can change the file format to help with reducing the file size, a SWF file format is a large file size as it holds more information in it to give a better quality animation. You can use a GIF that requires less file size but takes some quality away so the frames aren’t as detailed.

FPS

FPS is the time each frame stays for, so instead of each frame lasting 0.2 seconds, change it to 0.1 second by applying that update underneath each frame by the drop down box that is on most animation software, or right click on it to change it that way. By it being quicker it will be running for less time and the file size will drop dramatically.

Dimension

Dimensions are about the size and the quality of the image. For web you may want to reduce the image dimension for it to be compatible and quick to load. The dimensions of the image in the animation shouldn’t be bigger than what you want the animation height and length to cover as you will be having part of the animation out of the border that is being useless.

 

D1

In this distinction I will be comparing the differences between Blender and Adobe Flash

One of the biggest differences between the Adobe flash software and the Blender software is that Blender is a 3D animation package. Blender is for building shapes made from polygon meshes, Flash on the other hand is for 2D sketches and drawings where you would use it for simpler animations.

Blender is a programme that most experienced animators would use to create 3D shapes and effects. It is software that lets you change the layout and adapt to the components and tools within the programme to make it easier to use.

This software includes a suite of tools that will enable you to create 3D animations and interactive 3D content. The programme will offer functionality for mainly modelling, animations and rendering. Blender is mainly targeted at the media professions, where it's used in commercials and most other broadcast linear content.

Some of the features included with this programme are:

·        A full made creation suite.

·        A small and executable size that's easy for distribution.

·        A high quality of 3D architectures that will enable to have fast and efficient work-flow creations.

Adobe Flash on the other hand is a type of multimedia software that is used to create mainly just animation features for commercial use, this software can create navigation buttons, web banners, slideshows, introductions, moving text, and various other things that are to do with flash creations.

This software isn't that advanced compared to Blender, but it can create simple animations easily that you would find on most websites such as, logos, buttons, roll overs, flash banners etc. This software isn't for 3D object creations like Blender; in fact it's a totally different type of software in terms of what you can produce with the programme. Some of the features included with Flash:

·        It has an efficient Work Flow for multi-target contents.

·        A content scaling method when resizing stages, which allows you to resize your symbols and motion paths for various different screen sizes.

·        It has Enhanced layer controls, allowing you to have more control over layers including different abilities to copy and paste to other timelines.

·        An Enhanced code snippets handling, allowing you to add quick and easy ways for adding Action Script 3.0 code to the projects. It also gives the ability to preview code in HUD.

·        Allows you to resize applications and components, which makes little work for when creating applications that look great.

·        A Flash library panel gives you more power where you can store animation components in an organised order.

Blender

Blender is free software for 3D modelling and design compare to Adobe Flash which cost £499 , and is a bit slower than Flash due to the dedicated backup. It has fewer and simpler features compared to Adobe Flash, but can be very useful for creating 3D animations and it can be very good, considering it's a free software.